The Background and Purpose: to assess the prevalence of hypertension and micro-vascular complications among type 2 diabetic patients registered in primary health care center in Mukalla city at eastern Yemen. Methods: A Cross-sectional study was conducted in a randomly selected eligible patients from the diabetic registry of the AL Noor Charity Center (ACC), Mukalla city in Yemen. Results: Prevalence of hypertension in the T2DM patients were 46.7% (56/120). Retinopathy is the most micro-vascular complications among the adults having T2DM (73/120, 60.8%) while nephropathy is the least prevalence (13/120, 10.8%), prevalence of neuropathy was 49.2% (59/120). a high prevalence of retinopathy in males (66%) than females (55.7%) and a high prevalence of neuropathy in male adults (52.2%) than females (46%).No statistical significant difference were exit related to gender for any studied complications. Similar findings were observed regarding age related variations. Conclusion: A high prevalence of hypertension, retinopathy and neuropathy were reported among T2DM patients in Mukalla. Adopting effective and safe treatment strategies are highly recommended to prevent premature death and complications due to DM.

Background: Ectopic tubal pregnancy (ETP) is a dreadful situation for both the patient and the doctor. Prevalence of ETP is increasing because of availability of convenient and modern modalities for the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. Patients are aware of the condition and many lives can be saved when diagnosed and managed at an early stage; still almost 10% of maternal deaths are due to ETP. The etiology of ETP remains unknown in almost half of the cases and hence the risk of recurrence remains high. The present study has been conducted to screen patients with history of tubal ectopic pregnancyand to determine the role of tubercular infestation of the eutopicendometrium as an important etiological factor in ‘unexplained’ ectopic. Results: This retrospective analysis was conducted at Calcutta Fertility Mission in Kolkata, India, from January 2010 to December 2018. Of 282 patients with history of ETP,who were selected, 109 were in Group A, 72 of them in Group B and 101 in Group C. Tubercular infestation of the endometrium (DNA-PCR positive) was found in all (109) patients in Group A, and others in Group B and C had previous history of pelvic surgery or endometriosis, pelvic infection or unexplained infertility associated with tubercular infestation of the endometrium. In our study latent genital tuberculosis has been proved to be a statistically significant factor for ETP. (p value - <0.001) Moreover other factors like tubal surgeries (p value - <0.001) or correction of minor tubal defects (p value – 0.024); endometriosis (p value- <0.001) and pelvic inflammatory disease (p value -<0.001), have shown statistical significance in causing ectopic pregnancy. Clinical pregnancy rate (p value -0.002) and live birth rate (p value-<0.001) has been proved to be statistically significant after treatment of ETP. Conclusion: Along with the documented causes of ETP tubercular infestation of the endometrium should be considered as an important etiology for ectopic pregnancy and should be screened on a routine basis for early intervention and treatment.

Background: The main function of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is to provide systemic perfusion and gas exchange for patients with severe, acute respiratory or cardiac illness. The ECMO system consists of blood pump and a membrane oxygenator. ECMO oxygenator fibers, blood pump and tubing may bind circulating compounds such as drugs and nutritional components during ECMO support. Any loss of vital nutrients due to adsorption to the ECMO circuits may lead to further nutritional debilitation in critical ill patients. Objective: The purpose of study is to analyze the amount of nutritional supplements adsorbed to the ECMO circuit under controlled ex vivo conditions Methods: Six identical ECMO circuits were primed with fresh human whole blood and maintained under physiological conditions at 36°C for 24 hours. A dose of nutritional supplement calculated for a 70 kg patient was added. 150 mL volume was drawn from priming bag for control samples and kept under similar conditions. Blood samples were obtained at predetermined time points and analyzed for concentrations of vitamins, minerals, lipids, and proteins. Statistical analyses were performed using mixed models with robust standard errors, which allows for repeated samples within each setup and incomplete data. Results: No significant differences were found between the ECMO circuits and controls for any of the measured variables: cobalamin, folate, vitamin A, glucose, concentration of minerals, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and total proteins. There was an initial decrease and then and increase in the concentration of cobalamin and folate. Vitamin A concentrations decreased in both groups over time. There was a decrease in concentration of glucose and an increased concentration of lactate dehydrogenase over time in both groups. Conclusion: There were no changes in the concentrations of nutritional supplements in an ex vivo ECMO circuit compared to control samples, indicating that parenteral nutrition can be given during ECMO support. However, the time span of this study was limited, and the design made it impossible to investigate any functional and structural changes over time in nutritional supplements which lead to diminished effects through the ECMO circuit.

Background: Dyslipidemia is a prominent and modifiable risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. This study was carried out to investigate the anti-atherogenic antioxidant potential of Momordica charantia (MC) Fruit Extract in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Albino rabbits (1.5-2.5 kg) of either sex were divided into four groups of six each, depending on the diet. Group I received the standard chow diet; group II received aqueous MC fruit extract (100 mg/kg, p.o.); group III rabbits received HFD; and group IV rabbits received high fat diet (HFD) supplemented with aqueous MC fruit extract (100 mg/kg). Blood samples were collected from the marginal vein of pinna of overnight fasted rabbits at the end of experimental period for estimation of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and Vitamin C. Result: Administration of aqueous MC fruit extract significantly lowered the serum levels of TC and TG in group II as well as group IV rabbits. Administration of aqueous MC fruit extract significantly increased antioxidant capacity and decreased MDA and Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) (AIP = log TG/HDL) in plasma. Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that the potent therapeutic phytocomponents present in MC i.e. phytosterols, saponins, polyphenols, flavonoids and ascorbic acid, could be responsible for augmenting endogenous antioxidant system and decreasing lipid peroxidation in hypercholesteremic conditions.

The Differentiated Thyroid Cancers (DTCs) is referred to the Papillary (PTC) and follicular (FTC) thyroid cancers. The thyroid cancer incidence was increased in recent years 1. Thyroid cancer is approximately represented 1% of all diagnosed cancer cases yearly 2. The Prognosis of thyroid malignancies is ranged from the most frequently seen differentiated carcinoma (papillary thyroid carcinoma – PTC, and follicular thyroid carcinoma – FTC), to the less common aggressive, but the most aggressively growing is an anaplastic type.